"Unveiling the Population Dynamics of the Pawar Community in Central India: A Census-Based Study of Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna, and Wardha Districts"

 

"Unveiling the Population Dynamics of the Pawar Community in Central India: A Census-Based Study of Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna, and Wardha Districts"

Author * Rajesh Barange Pawar

MS Pharm Medicinal Chemistry, Betul, Madhya Pradesh, India

Rajeshbarange00@gmail.com

 

Author- Pranay Chopde

History Researcher, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.

pranaypawar217@gmail.com

 

Abstract:

This study delves into the demographic profile of the Pawar caste, also known as Panwar, Bhoyar or Bhoyar Pawar in central India, settled primarily in the districts of Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna, and Wardha. The Pawars trace their lineage back to the Agnivansha branch of Kshatriyas, forming a significant component of the Hindu Vedic Varna system. Through genealogical research, it is stated that the Pawars are descendants of a confederation of seventy-two Kshatriya clans, with historical migration patterns shaping their settlement in central India. The study utilizes census data and population calculations to estimate the Pawar population in the aforementioned districts. Results indicate a notable presence of the Pawar community, highlighting their historical significance and demographic distribution in the region.

Keywords:

Pawar caste, Central India, Betul district, Chhindwara district, Pandhurna district, Wardha district, Demographic profile, Census data, Population calculation, Kshatriya clans, Agnivansha, Hindu Vedic Varna system, Historical lineage, Population dynamics.

Introduction:

The Pawar caste, also referred to as Panwar, Bhoyar, Bhoyar Pawar, Tapti Ghati Pawar, Tapti Pawar, Wardha Ghati Pawar, and Wardha Pawar, is a Hindu group that is largely concentrated in Central India, especially in the districts of Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna, and Wardha.

The Pawars are descended from the Agnivansha branch of Kshatriyas, who are said to have originated about 2,500 years before the Common Era (BCE). According to the Hindu Vedic Varna system, Pawars belong to the Kshatriya varna.

Genealogists (bhatt/rao) states that the Pawars are descended from a confederacy of seventy-two Kshatriya clans, including prominent ones such as Parihar, Parmar, Chauhan, Rathore, Kushwaha, Gahlot, Badgujar, Dangi, Gaur, Balla, Baghel, Tomar, Bhati, Jhala, Labana, Uthed, Ajana, Garg, Jethwa, Kanupriya, Barodiya, Chavda, Dahima, and Tank. These Rajput clans moved from Malwa to Satpura and Vidarbha in the fifteenth and seventeenth century.

 Eventually, the Pawar caste was formed as a result of these clans developing into gotras throughout time. Within the Malwa historical setting, the Pawars were integral to the Parmar dynasty, acting as warriors, military chieftains, and commanders, all of which enhanced the power and stature of the Parmar emperors. As a powerful force, they were known for their fearlessness.

The migration of the Pawar Rajputs from the 13th to the 15th century, when they were vanquished by the Muslim ruler, was a turning point in their history. They crossed the Narmada River and settled in the areas of Betul, Chhindwara, and Wardha.

Historical reports indicate that the Pawars lived in eastern Malwa (Shajapur, Ujjain, Sehore, Dewas) for around 300 years prior to relocating to these areas.

The Pawars made a name for themselves as farmers and warriors in their new lands. In Betul and Chhindwara, they are called "Kshatriya Pawar", "Pawar" or "Panwar" names; in Wardha, they are called "Bhoyar Pawar" or "Bhoyar" names. Despite attempts to return to their former name of "Pawar" in the early 20th century, the term "Bhoyar" is linked to their first settlement at Bhorgarh fort and eventually became an integral part of their identity.

Studies and finding:

Based on census data analysis, the population of the Pawar community in central India, particularly in the districts of Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna, and Wardha, reveals notable figures.

Pawar population in Betul District (2011)

We know that in 1901, the Pawar/Bhoyar population was about 6.1% of the Betul district population, so in the Betul demographic data, we calculated 6.1% of the of the population as the Pawar caste population. And we know from 1901 to 1931 census Pawar population, so we verified by calculation. In that calculation, we observed that in 4 census Pawar population, only 2.65% deviation was observed.

Historical population of Betul District
Year	Betul population	±% p.a.	Mean population with deviation	Pawar pop. calculated by 6.1%	Pawar pop. in census	deviation	% deviation
1901	2,87,807	—	18021	17556	18,109	553	3.05
1911	3,90,386	3.10%	24445	23814	22,792	-1,022	-4.48
1921	3,63,737	−0.70%	22776	22188	22,014	-174	-0.79
1931	4,06,252	1.11%	25438	24781	26,051	1,270	4.87
1941	4,38,342	0.76%	27447	26739		AS40=	2.65
1951	4,51,655	0.30%	28281	27551
1961	5,60,412	2.18%	35091	34185
1971	7,36,196	2.77%	46098	44908
1981	9,25,387	2.31%	57944	56449
1991	11,81,501	2.47%	73981	72072
2001	13,95,175	1.68%	87361	85106
2011	15,75,362	1.22%	98644	96097

Based on the above calculation Present population of Pawars in Betul (2011)- 98644.

Pawar population in Chhindwara (2011)

Historical population of Chhindwara district
Year	Pop.	±% p.a.	Pawar pop.
1901	4,07,999	—	16319.96
1911	5,17,109	2.40%	20684.36
1921	4,91,835	−0.50%	19673.4
1931	5,73,272	1.54%	22930.88
1941	6,10,707	0.63%	24428.28
1951	6,46,430	0.57%	25857.2
1961	7,85,535	1.97%	31421.4
1971	9,89,413	2.33%	39576.52
1981	12,33,131	2.23%	49325.24
1991	15,68,702	2.44%	62748.08
2001	18,49,283	1.66%	73971.32
2011	20,90,922	1.24%	83636.88
we know that in 1901 Pawar/Bhoyar population was about 4%
Pop. = Total population of Betul district

We know that in 1901, the Pawar/Bhoyar population was about 4% of the Chhindwara district population, so in the Chhindwara demographic data, we calculated 4% of the of the population as the Pawar caste population. Based on the above calculation Present population of Pawars in Chhindwara (2011) - 83636.

Pawar population in Wardha (2011)-

Historical population of Wardha district
Year	Pop.	±% p.a.	Pawar pop.
1901	3,86,012	—	7720
1911	4,60,775	1.79%	9216
1921	4,63,696	0.06%	9274
1931	5,16,266	1.08%	15488
1941	5,19,330	0.06%	15580
1951	5,38,903	0.37%	16167
1961	6,34,277	1.64%	19028
1971	7,79,562	2.08%	23387
1981	9,26,618	1.74%	27799
1991	10,67,357	1.42%	32021
2001	12,36,736	1.48%	37102
2011	13,00,774	0.51%	39023
we know that from 1901 to 1911 Pawar/Bhoyar population was about 2% (after 1921 3%)

Based on the above calculation Present population of Pawars in Wardha (2011) - 39023.

RESULTS-

The research provides important insights on the demographic dynamics of the Pawar caste in central India, particularly in the districts of Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna, and Wardha, based on the analysis of census data and population calculations. The Pawar community's estimated population in 2011 was as follows:

1. Betul District: In 2011, the estimated Pawar population in Betul District was 98,644  people.

2. Chhindwara District: About 83,000 people are thought to be Pawar residents of Chhindwara District as of 2011.

3. Wardha District: In 2011, it was projected that there were 39,000 Pawar people living in Wardha District.

Between 250,000 and 285,000 people make up the Pawar caste's overall population in central India, which includes the areas mentioned. This information was obtained in 2011.

REFERENCES

1.       Panwar Samaj: Ek Sinhavlokan. (1984). Dr Dyneshwar Tembhare *Panwar Sandesh*, 16-18.

2.       Panwar Kul Dardhan. (1985). In Krishnarav Balaji Panwar (Ed.), *Panwar Sandesh*, 21-22.

3.       Bhojpatra. (1986). In Pannalal Bisen (Ed.), *Bhojpatra*, 12-14.

4.       Avasthi, Manju. (1995). Balaghat jile ki jan boliyo ka bhashavaizyanik avam sanskritik Adhyayan.

5.       Genealogy author- Madansingh ji Morsingh Barwaji, Mu. Singapura Post- Galwa, Via Kosithal, District- Bhilwara, Rajasthan (available in Patrika published by Bhopal Pawar samaj sangthan)

6.       Dr Dyneshwar Tembhare. (2014). Pawari gyandeep (2nd ed.). himalaya publishing house Mumbai.

7.       Vallabh Dongre (2013) Sikho sabak Pawaro , Satpuda Sanskriti Sansthan Bhopal.

8.       Ramkishor Pawar, Pushtak Mera Betul. (2022). (n.p.): BFC Publications.

9.       Singh, K. S. (1998). India's Communities. India: Anthropological Survey of India.

10.   Singh, K. S. (1996). Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles. India: Anthropological Survey of India.1155

11.   Rajesh Barange Pawar. https://rajeshbarange.blogspot.com

12.   Genealogy author- Rajkumar Sorath, Umaranala , Chhindwada, mp.

13.   Rajesh Barange Pawar, M. T. S. S. (2024). Kshatriya Pawar (72 clan): Journey from Malwa to Satpura (01 ed., Vol. 01) [English]. lap lambert publishing.

14.   The Central Provinces of India, 1901, 1911, 1921and 1931 Census.

 

 

 

 

 

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